Participation In Social Activities Research Articles

A Comparison of the Functioning and Disability Levels of Children With Hemiplegic and Diplegic Cerebral Palsy Based on ICF-CY Components.

We compared children with hemiplegic and diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) using the conceptual framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Child and Youth version (ICF-CY). We enrolled 42 children with CP aged 5 - 13 years old (M age = 9.57, SD = 2.8 years). We assessed their trunk control and dynamic balance with the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and we used ABILHAND-Kids and Assessment of Life Habits (Life-H) to assess their manual ability and participation with activities of daily living. We administered the European Child Environment Questionnaire (ECEQ) to identify relevant environmental factors. We employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify specific factors contributing to potential differences between these CP groups. Children with hemiplegic CP demonstrated significantly better outcomes in terms of trunk control, dynamic balance, and environmental factors compared to those with diplegic CP (p < .05). In contrast, children with diplegic CP demonstrated superior outcomes regarding manual ability, compared to those with hemiplegic CP (p < .001). In our structural equation models, trunk control strongly predicted both dynamic balance (0.75) and environmental factors (0.74). Moreover, the relationships between trunk control and participation in daily and social activities were 0.54 and 0.47, respectively. Impaired trunk control and dynamic balance were significant contributors to increased activity restrictions and environmental barriers in children with diplegic CP. This suggests that improving disability and functioning in children with diplegic CP requires a focus on trunk control training and dynamic balance exercises.

The Village Head's Strategy to Enhance Social Inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village Pujananting District Barru Regency

This research aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the Village Head to enhance social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village, Pujananting District, Barru Regency. The research methodology utilized is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with the Village Head, community leaders, and other stakeholders in the village. The results of the study indicate that the Village Head has implemented various effective strategies to improve social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village. These strategies include enhancing accessibility to public services, developing inclusive infrastructure, empowering the community through training programs and skill development, and utilizing information technology to expand communication and information dissemination. The implementation of these strategies has had a significantly positive impact on the level of social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village. There has been an increase in community participation in social and economic activities, improved access to healthcare and education services, and heightened awareness of the importance of social inclusion in village development. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the strategies employed by the Village Head to enhance social inclusion in Bulo-Bulo Village can serve as a relevant model for application in other areas. Cooperation among local governments, communities, and the private sector is necessary to support the broader and sustainable implementation of social inclusion strategies across various regions in Indonesia.

Social engagement and wellbeing in late life: a systematic review

Abstract Social engagement is considered a relevant modifiable factor for older adults' wellbeing. Theory and policies highlight its importance for ageing well. Empirical evidence shows that social activities are associated with positive psychological outcomes and might buffer wellbeing declines in late life. Despite growing research, social engagement lacks conceptual clarity, it is difficult to adopt standardised measures and findings are sometimes inconsistent. Previous systematic reviews either take a different approach to this topic or were published over a decade ago. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the literature systematically regarding the relationship between social engagement and wellbeing in community-dwelling older adults. Papers published from 2000 to 2021 were searched in five databases using a combination of terms. The reviewers screened the records according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After identifying eligible articles, the authors extracted data and produced a narrative synthesis covering conceptualisation, measurement and main findings. The review includes 42 papers. Despite great conceptual and methodological diversity, research supports that older adults with higher participation in social activities have improved wellbeing. Findings also suggest that these associations are stronger for individuals with disadvantages and have a cumulative nature whereby the greater the social engagement, the higher the wellbeing. Conversely, for more demanding activities, there might be optimal participation levels. Regardless of accumulating knowledge, social engagement remains diffuse and difficult to measure. This paper summarises the current state of research on this topic, showing encouraging evidence of social engagement benefits, but also questions that deserve further inquiry. Future studies should be anchored in a clear conceptual framework, use robust measures, and explore hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. Social engagement can be an important developmental resource for social interventions and policies aimed at improving people's lives.

An analysis of factors influencing cognitive dysfunction among older adults in Northwest China based on logistic regression and decision tree modelling

BackgroundCognitive dysfunction is one of the leading causes of disability and dependence in older adults and is a major economic burden on the public health system. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for cognitive dysfunction and their predictive value in older adults in Northwest China.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage sampling method. The questionnaires were distributed through the Elderly Disability Monitoring Platform to older adults aged 60 years and above in Northwest China, who were divided into cognitive dysfunction and normal cognitive function groups. In addition to univariate analyses, logistic regression and decision tree modelling were used to construct a model to identify factors that can predict the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction in older adults.ResultsA total of 12,494 valid questionnaires were collected, including 2617 from participants in the cognitive dysfunction group and 9877 from participants in the normal cognitive function group. Univariate analysis revealed that ethnicity, BMI, age, educational attainment, marital status, type of residence, residency status, current work status, main economic source, type of chronic disease, long-term use of medication, alcohol consumption, participation in social activities, exercise status, social support, total scores on the Balanced Test Assessment, total scores on the Gait Speed Assessment total score, and activities of daily living (ADL) were significantly different between the two groups (all P < 0.05). According to logistic regression analyses, ethnicity, BMI, educational attainment, marital status, residency, main source of income, chronic diseases, annual medical examination, alcohol consumption, exercise status, total scores on the Balanced Test Assessment, and activities of daily living (ADLs) were found to influence cognitive dysfunction in older adults (all P < 0.05). In the decision tree model, the ability to perform activities of daily living was the root node, followed by total scores on the Balanced Test Assessment, marital status, educational attainment, age, annual medical examination, and ethnicity.ConclusionsTraditional risk factors (including BMI, literacy, and alcohol consumption) and potentially modifiable risk factors (including balance function, ability to care for oneself in daily life, and widowhood) have a significant impact on the increased risk of cognitive dysfunction in older adults in Northwest China. The use of decision tree models can help health care workers better assess cognitive function in older adults and develop personalized interventions. Further research could help to gain insight into the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction and provide new avenues for prevention and intervention.

Effect of social participation on the trajectories of activities of daily living disability among community-dwelling older adults: a 7-year community-based cohort

IntroductionStudies examining the effects of social participation on activities of daily living (ADL) disability are still scarce.AimTo assess the reciprocal relationship between ADL disability trajectories and social participation among older Chinese people aged ≥ 60 years.MethodsThis study included 2976 participants aged ≥ 60 years in six waves of a community-based survey from 2015 to 2022. Basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were used to assess the ADL disability in each survey. Social participation was assessed by involvement in four social activities and an extensive social participation score. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify potential heterogeneity in longitudinal changes over 7 years and explore associations between baseline predictors of group membership and these trajectories.ResultsTwo BADL disability trajectories were identified: stable (94.8%) and increase (5.2%). Additionally, three IADL disability trajectories were distinguished: stable (73.2%), moderate (20.2%), and increase (6.6%). After controlling for the potential covariates, each point increase in the extensive social participation score correlated with a 17% decrease in the odds of older individuals belonging to the increase BADL trajectory group (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.68–1.00). For IADL, it decreased the odds of being assigned to the moderate trajectory group by 16% (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75–0.95) and to the increase trajectory group by 23% (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.64–0.93).ConclusionsHigher levels of social participation among older individuals were more likely to be classified as stable trajectories in both BADL and IADL. Increased participation in social activities by community-dwelling elderly adults may promote healthy aging.

Abstract PO1-10-06: Understanding clinical meaningfulness in metastatic breast cancer treatment decision-making: experiences and perspectives of patients, caregivers, and clinicians

Abstract Background: While many clinical and non-clinical factors inform metastatic breast cancer (mBC) treatment recommendations; patient preferences, values, and care goals also influence how treatment options are weighed, deliberated, and decided upon. Additionally, in the mBC care setting, clinical meaningfulness and clinically meaningful outcomes (e.g., survival, quality-of-life) are important factors to consider along the care continuum. However, the extent to which patients and their oncology care team align on the interpretation and use of these concepts during treatment decision-making has not been well elucidated. This study examined perspectives on the concepts of (i) clinical meaningfulness and (ii) clinically meaningful outcomes associated with mBC treatment among five key stakeholder groups: patients, caregivers, oncologists, advanced practice providers (APPs), and oncology nurses. Methods: Qualitative semi-structured in-person and web-based focus groups were conducted between March and June 2023 among: (i) people living with mBC; (ii) unpaid or informal caregivers to people with mBC; and providers involved in the care of patients with mBC, including (iii) oncologists, (iv) APPs (i.e., physician assistants and nurse practitioners), and (v) oncology nurses. Discussion guides were developed to elicit stakeholder perspectives on clinical meaningfulness and clinically meaningful outcomes to help identify areas of convergence and divergence between and within stakeholder groups. All discussions were audio recorded and transcribed. The constant comparative approach was used to identify key themes. Results: Twenty-two focus groups were conducted with 50 patients, 24 caregivers, 8 oncologists, 13 APPs, and 17 oncology nurses. Overall, patients and caregivers were unfamiliar with the concepts of clinical meaningfulness and clinically meaningful outcomes, underscoring the critical need for using accessible and patient-friendly terminology in treatment decision-making discussions. While some providers were familiar with these concepts, they reported not using these terms when discussing treatment recommendations with patients. Although some provider participants thought clinical meaningfulness described quantitative endpoints (e.g., additional months of survival), participants across all stakeholder groups described patients’ abilities to achieve life goals (e.g., participation in milestone events and social activities, ability to travel) as paramount. Recommendations for improving treatment decision-making discussions included taking a patient-centered approach, with inclusive, dynamic patient-provider discussions and continuous evaluation of patient priorities across the care continuum, not just at diagnosis. Meaningful outcomes beyond overall survival need to be considered, including quality of life, progression-free survival, minimal or manageable side effects, and improvement in symptom burden and functioning. Across all stakeholders, participants stressed that outcomes considered meaningful are highly individualized and dynamic, evolving over time as patients move through the treatment journey and life stages. Conclusions: Clinical meaningfulness is poorly understood and not often considered in the clinical setting when making mBC treatment decisions, highlighting a need for accessible and patient-friendly terminology in mBC treatment decision-making conversations. While participants valued overall survival, the importance of meaningful outcomes that support patients’ quality of life was emphasized. Study findings can be used to inform both practice and clinical research to better capture meaningful outcomes for patients. Citation Format: Stephanie Graff, Emily Freeman, Meaghan Roach, Rozanne Wilson, Ricki Fairley, Mary Gullatte, Jeanne Stemland, Becky Chan, Paulina Wochal, Julie Katz, Suepattra May-Slater. Understanding clinical meaningfulness in metastatic breast cancer treatment decision-making: experiences and perspectives of patients, caregivers, and clinicians [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-10-06.

A Longitudinal Study of the Effect of Memory on the Quality of life of European Adults and Older Adults

AbstractAmong studies conceptualizing quality of life (QoL) as the subjective measure of one’s well-being, evidence suggests a link between cognitive impairment and diminished quality of life. However, the direction of the association is not clear, and most studies have employed a global measure of cognition, which can mask subtle domain-specific declines. In this study, we aim at examining the longitudinal associations between memory and QoL in a representative sample of adults and older adults in Europe and Israel, employing data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The sample was composed by 56,616 respondents aged 50 or older at the beginning of the study period. A Parallel-Process Latent Growth Model (PP LGM) of memory and QoL conditioned on the effects of age, gender, educational level, physical inactivity, depressive symptomatology and social activity participation, was tested. Results displayed a trajectory of decline for both memory and QoL, with higher initial levels of memory associated with higher initial levels of QoL, and steeper decline in memory associated with steeper decline in QoL. Moreover, a positive effect of initial memory onto QoL trend over time was found, indicating that better memory is associated to better QoL in the future, but the opposite did not occur. Results also provide evidence of gender differences. All in all, this work found evidence supporting the longitudinal effect of memory on QoL, which may have consequences for intervention implementation, given that actions for alleviating age-related memory impairment could also have a positive impact onto older adults’ QoL.

Voice Assistant Utilization among the Disability Community for Independent Living: A Rapid Review of Recent Evidence

The rapid advancement and widespread adoption of voice assistance technology have shown promise in benefiting individuals with disabilities, offering increased social participation, independence, and leisure activities. However, barriers to their full utilization have been identified, leading to potential abandonment by users with disabilities. This rapid review is aimed at filling the gap in the literature by investigating the utilization of voice assistants among people with disabilities for independent living and community participation. A comprehensive search was conducted in academic literature databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and gray data was sourced from public social media domains through Infegy. The analysis included 48 articles and 281 social media posts that met the inclusion criteria. Neurodiversity, disabilities affecting vision, and general disabilities were the most frequently discussed categories in both sources. The most common tasks performed using voice assistants were interface control, reminders, and environmental control, with a focus on enabling independence. Barriers to use mentioned in the literature included cognitive load during use, speech interpretation, lack of nonverbal control, and privacy concerns, while gray data reported limited functionality and speech interpretation as primary barriers. Amazon Alexa was the most discussed brand in both sources. The findings highlight the need for further research and innovation to fully harness the potential benefits of voice assistants for individuals with disabilities. By addressing the identified barriers and tailoring voice assistance technology to cater to the specific needs of different disability types, this technology can become a powerful tool for enhancing the lives of individuals with disabilities and promoting greater independence and community participation.

“You’ve Got to Connect with the People”: The Meaning of, Preferences for, and Involvement in Social Participation for Older People Living in Nursing Homes in Victoria, Australia

This research sought to explore the meaning of, preferences for, and involvement in social participation for older people living in nursing homes in Victoria, Australia. A qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews with twenty older people living in four geographically and ethnically diverse nursing homes was conducted between 2020 and 2022. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed. All the older people had been very socially active before moving into aged care and had participated in leisure and volunteering activities. Five themes emerged from the data analysis related to the meaning of, preferences for, and involvement in activities for social participation. The meaning of social participation among these older people varied. Some participated in group activities to keep active and busy, while others were content with interests of their own. Social participation in group activities provided older people with a connection to others and assisted in maintaining existing, or developing new, relationships. However, the ability to participate in group activities that offered opportunities for social participation was limited by age-related decline for some older people. The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions constrained activities, which provided opportunities for social participation for some older people living in nursing homes, but not all. These perspectives highlight the need for individualised person-centred opportunities for social participation in nursing homes. Group activities should enable older people to remain active and facilitate social connections that provide meaning and purpose. Respect for individual choice is important, as older people are not a homogeneous group, and opportunities to pursue individual activities should be facilitated.

Social participation, loneliness, and physical inactivity over time: evidence from SHARE.

We aimed to explore the reciprocal effects of social participation, loneliness, and physical inactivity over a period of 6 years in a representative sample of European adults over 50 years old. A longitudinal study with a six-year follow-up period was conducted. Four waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe project were used. This study includes 64,887 participants from Europe and Israel, who were aged 50 or older at the first time. The relationship between participation in social activities, loneliness and physical inactivity was analyzed, controlling for age, gender, and disability. A series of cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) were applied to analyze the relationships among these variables. A CLPM with equal autoregressive cross-lagged effects across waves was the best fit to the data (χ2 = 7137.8, CFI = .972, RMSEA = .049, SRMR = .036). The autoregressive effects for the three variables showed high stability across waves, and all the cross-lagged effects in the model were statistically significant. Social activity and physical inactivity maintained a strong negative cross-lagged effect, while their cross-lagged effects on loneliness were comparatively smaller. Social activity had a positive cross-lagged effect on loneliness, while physical inactivity had a negative cross-lagged effect on loneliness. These findings highlight the importance of promoting physical activity and social participation and addressing loneliness through targeted interventions in older adults.

The dental COVID-19 paradox: Disparity in behaviors inside and outside dental schools in Canada.

To describe the personal and professional behavior and assess the perceptions of protection and fear of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among faculty, staff, and students from all 10 Canadian dental schools during the second year of the pandemic. Participants from a Pan-Canadian prospective study answered monthly questionnaires about their activities between April 2021 and March 2022. In May 2022, additional questions were asked about their perception of protection, fear of infection, and instances of COVID-19 testing. Six hundred participants were initially recruited. Over time, the participants spent less time at home and increased their participation in indoor social activities, a trend influenced by the fluctuations in COVID-19 cases (β=‒0.02). Over 90% of the participants were fully vaccinated, which decreased their fear of contracting the virus (χ2[4, 241‒243]=196.07, p<0.0001). Yet, their attitude toward protective measures did not change, and they followed them within school. This work shows a paradoxical behavior among dental students, staff, and faculty members in Canadian dental schools. While factors such as the vaccine's limited efficacy and a desire to protect others may contribute to stringent protective behaviors within dental schools, the mandatory nature of these measures was likely the primary motivator for the compliance. Despite potential efforts to minimize exposure to the virus during risk periods and the frequent COVID-19 testing, this paradoxical behavior raises questions about professional responsibilities extending beyond the workplace. Thus, dental schools should incorporate education about the rationale behind following different protocols and the potential consequences of outside school behaviors.

Associations of hypertension and/or diabetes and the risk of dementia according to participation in social activities from an age-specific community-based cohort study (the NISSIN Project)

AimThis study investigated the association between participation in social activities and incident dementia among physically and socially independent older adults with or without diseases (hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus) in a Japanese age-specific cohort (the NISSIN Project). MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,856 Japanese individuals (953 men and 903 women) aged 64/65 years. Information on medical status, demographics, and lifestyle characteristics was collected using a baseline questionnaire and health checkup (2000–2005). Incident dementia were confirmed among these received long-term care certifications using the nationally standardized dementia scale proposed by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. A competing risk model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for dementia incidence. We treated the censored cases of death as competing events. ResultsDuring a median of 16.0 years of follow-up, incident dementia occurred in 332 participants. The presence of diseases and nonparticipation in social activities were associated with a significantly higher risk of incident dementia (HR 1.65; 95 % CI 1.21–2.26) after adjusting for potential confounders compared with participants without diseases and those who participated in social activities. ConclusionsIn this age-specific cohort study, participants with diseases and those who did not participate in social activities were more likely to have incident dementia than those without diseases and those who participated in social activities. For older people with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, engaging in social activities could be a beneficial strategy for reducing the risk of developing dementia.

Study of Youth Participation in Development Based on Regional Spatial Profile: Case Study of Urban and Rural Villages in Temanggung, Indonesia

The participation of youth is difficult to perceive, considering the numerous influencing factors, diverse challenges, and environments they face. There are many factors that influence youth participation, one of which is where they live. Previous studies describe forms of youth participation in villages and cities as dynamic, with many differences but also many similarities. The purpose of this study was to examine youth participation in urban and rural villages in Temanggung Regency in regional development. This participation is seen from youth participation in social activities, community organizations, as well as providing opinions on development activities, and what factors influence them. This research uses a quantitative approach with scoring analysis through questionnaires distributed to 40 urban and rural villages or 15% of the total villages in Temanggung Regency, cluster analysis to describe regional groups based on youth participation, and spatial overlay analysis to describe regional spatial profiles based on youth participation . The results of this research are that there is no significant difference between youth participation in urban and rural villages, as indicated by the clusters formed. Youth involvement in social activities and community organizations is relatively high, however involvement in providing opinions for development activities is still a challenge, both in urban and rural villages. The homogeneity of the population in urban and rural villages in Temanggung Regency is one indication of the reason for the absence of significant differences between youth participation in villages and urban villages. With these results, the approach to enhancing youth participation in Temanggung Regency can be carried out in a general manner, through a culturally-based approach that has been proven to attract youth participation in Temanggung Regency.

The role of Occupational Therapy in community development to combat social isolation and loneliness

Background: Social participation activities, an important area of occupation, have been effective in reducing social isolation and loneliness. However, most attendees are women, warranting the need to explore older men’s social participation needs. Methods: Qualitative methods, including interviews and a collaborative workshop, were used to explore the research aim. Public involvement included establishing partnerships with six staff from four community organisations and twelve older men. The project was informed by a steering committee. The steering group offered insight into all aspects of the research except analysis, which was performed thematically. Findings: Intergenerational engagements and the appropriate environment to establish connections with their communities were highlighted as beneficial to men. However, there is a lack of appropriate local spaces to connect communities through social participation. This suggests the need for occupational therapists to diversify their roles, moving beyond the individual and into community development. Conclusions: Occupational therapists’ unique and varied skill set, including the understanding of the profound impact of the environment on occupational engagement and, thus, well-being would offer valuable contributions to community development roles, including the built environment to ensure all communities have places for connection where individuals of all ages can thrive.

Does employee participation in corporate social responsibility activities improve the environmental performance of international engineering contractors?

Does employee participation in corporate social responsibility activities improve the environmental performance of international engineering contractors?

AI adoption rate and corporate green innovation efficiency: Evidence from Chinese energy companies

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has led to transformative shifts in the human landscape. Moreover, as a potent driving force behind the evolution of energy companies, green innovation has the potential to be supported by advanced technologies such as AI. However, academic research exploring the association between the AI adoption rate and green innovation in energy companies is scarce. This study analyzes data on Chinese listed energy companies from 2010 to 2020. Our findings indicate that energy companies with extensive AI adoption exhibit higher green innovation efficiency. This finding is particularly pronounced among firms that report substantial participation in environmental, social, and governance activities. However, our findings reveal that executives who focus on short-term benefits can undermine the positive influence of AI adoption on green innovation. These main findings are notably significant for energy companies where the roles of chief executive officer and board director are unified, state-owned enterprises, and companies that do not hold bank shares. This study offers novel insights and valuable guidance for policymakers regarding the strategic development of energy companies, thereby bridging a significant gap in the literature.

Salinity’s Shadow: Sustainable Modular Resilience for the Munda Community, Satkhira

Bangladesh is gifted with abundant natural beauty, with rivers, woods, seas, plains, hills, haors, and canals. However, due to its tropical climate, it is prone to several natural calamities, including excessive salinity in coastal areas. Sundarban is one of these coastal areas where reside the Munda community which is one of the 33 ethnic groups of Bangladesh. Originating from India, Mundas are variously dependent on the Sundarbans for both livelihood and religious aspect and consider the Sundarbans as their mother nature. But poverty and calamities limit their participation in social activities and access to necessities like food, education, and healthcare. This paper aimed to evaluate the difficulties the Munda community faces due to salinity and create a modular structural system that was sympathetic to local culture and more cost-effective local resources that would be more resilient to natural disasters. This paper studied the lifestyle and livelihood of the affected munda community of Burigoalini, Satkhira. This paper finds the available construction materials' quality and resilience in connection to saline impacts and local housing characteristics and also focuses on the historical, cultural, and existential aspects of an ethnic group that is facing the risk of extinction.

Social Activity and Cognitive Decline in Older Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: A Cohort Study.

Cognitive decline is a major reason for dependence and resource use in long-term care. We explored whether social activities may prevent cognitive decline of older residents of long-term care facilities. In a routine care cohort, 3,603 residents of long-term care facilities were assessed on average 4.4 times using the interRAI-Long-Term-Care-Facilities instrument which includes frequency of participation in social activities of long standing interest over the last 30 days and the Cognitive Performance Scale. Linear mixed models repeated measures analyses were performed corrected for age, sex, physical activity, Activities of Daily Living, mood, and health indicators. Social activity was associated with cognitive preservation over time. This association was stronger in those with no or mild cognitive impairment at baseline, relative to those with moderate to severe impairment. Participation in specific social activities such as conversing and helping others showed a similar positive association. The relation between social activity and cognitive impairment appeared to be bi-directional. The protective effects of social activity offer a window of opportunity to preserve cognitive functioning in long-term care residents.

Life-course social participation and physical activity in midlife: longitudinal associations in the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70).

A hypothesized benefit of social participation is that it encourages people to be more physically active. However, limited evidence exists on the association between social participation over the life-course and physical activity in midlife. We sought to apply a life-course framework to examine the association of social participation and device measured physical activity in midlife in the UK. We used the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study (BCS70), which includes all people born in Britain during a single week in 1970. Social participation was assessed at ages 16, 30, 34 and 42. Physical activity was measured by accelerometery at age 46, as mean daily step count and time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The associations of social participation and physical activity were tested using two different life-course models: the sensitive period model and the accumulation model. Individuals with medium and high participation compared to no social participation over their life-course had higher mean daily step count and MVPA in midlife, supporting the accumulation model. In the sensitive period model, only those that actively participated at age 42 had higher mean daily steps and MVPA compared to those who did not participate. Our study provides empirical evidence on the importance of sustaining social participation at all ages over the life-course rather than at a particular timepoint of someone's life. If our findings reflect causal effects, interventions to promote social participation throughout the life-course could be an avenue to promote physical activity in middle life.

정신장애인의 사회활동참여가 대인관계능력을 매개로 지각된 생활만족에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purposes of this study were to verify the impact of social activity participation of people with mental illness on perceived life satisfaction and the mediating effect of interpersonal ability.&#x0D; Methods Data from the 6th year of the 2nd wave of the Employment Panel for the Disabled in 2021 was used, and the subjects were 138 people with mental illness. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed using the SPSS 25.0 program to check the subjects' general characteristics, normality distribution, and multicollinearity. And the PROCESS Macro model 4 was used to analyze the mediating effects.&#x0D; Results First, social activity participation by people with mental illness was found to have a direct positive effect on their perceived life satisfaction. Second, it was verified that the interpersonal ability of people with mental illness have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between social activity participation and perceived daily life satisfaction.&#x0D; Conclusions Based on this result, social welfare implications and suggestions were presented to increase the social activity participation and improve the interpersonal ability.&#x0D;